第29回フロンティア材料研究所講演会 (Professor K. R. Poeppelmeier)
| 開催日時 | 2017年01月25日 15:30 -17:00 |
|---|---|
| 開催場所 | Ｒ３棟１階会議室 |
| 主催 | フロンティア材料研究所 |
| 連絡先 | 東 研究室（内線:5315） |
プログラム等
講師： Professor K. R. Poeppelmeier
(Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University)
講演テーマ： Low Temperature Synthesis of the Centrosymmetric and Noncentrosymmetric polymorphs of KNaNbOF5 and the Dynamic Origins of Noncentrosymmetry
Abstract:
This talk will present the hydrothermal synthesis of oxide-fluoride compounds as a strategy to target noncentrosymmetric (NCS) materials. NCS structures are required for a variety of useful materials properties including for example second-harmonic generation and piezoelectricity. Therefore, the design of NCS materials is an ongoing theme in crystal engineering. Analysis of dynamic phase transition processes can be used to identify factors that cause some compounds to adopt crystal structures that are noncentrosymmetric (NCS). We have examined a two-step, temperature driven reconstructive phase transition in the compound KNaNbOF5 using empirical dynamic simulations, in-situ diffraction studies, and theoretical calculations.
We used cryogenic temperature (~15K) and variable-pressure (1-10 GPa) diamond anvil cell single crystal diffraction experiments on the NCS, Pna21 phase of KNaNbOF5 to develop a set of empirical pairwise interatomic interaction functions of the complex five element system. Our investigation lead to the discovery of a dynamically disordered high temperature crystal structure and the mechanistic origin of the NCS phase stabilization upon cooling. The reconstructive transition going from the P4/nmm phase to the high temperature Cmcm phase is believed to result from a loss of O/F site ordering caused by rigid-type rotations of octahedral [NbOF5]2- anionic units. The high temperature phase was found to exist in a dynamically disordered state involving two locally stable phases in the potential energy landscape with Pbcm and Pnma space group symmetries.
